What is the difference between cardiac sphincter and pyloric sphincter

The serosa of the stomach is also called the visceral peritoneum. The stomach has 3 main functions: temporary storage for food, which passes from the esophagus to the stomach where it is held for 2 hours or longer mixing and breakdown of food by contraction and relaxation of the muscle layers in the stomach digestion of food.

The mucosa contains specialized cells and glands that produce hydrochloric acid and digestive enzymes to help digest food. The mucosa in the cardiac and pyloric regions of the stomach release mucus that helps protect the lining of the stomach from the acid produced for digestion. Other specialized cells in the mucosa of the pylorus release the hormone gastrin into the blood.

Gastrin helps to stimulate the release of acid and enzymes from the mucosa. Gastrin also helps the muscles of the stomach to start contracting. Food is broken down into a thick, acidic, soupy mixture called chyme. The pyloric sphincter relaxes once chyme formation is complete. Chyme then passes into the duodenum.

The duodenum plays a big role in absorption of the food we eat. The stomach does not play a big role in absorption of food. Pyloric stenosis requires surgery to create a new channel that allows chyme to pass into the small intestine.

Gastroparesis prevents the stomach from properly emptying. In people with this condition, the wave-like contractions that move chyme through the digestive system are weaker. In addition, certain medications, such as opioid pain relievers , can make symptoms worse. The pyloric sphincter is a ring of smooth muscle that connects the stomach and small intestine. It opens and closes to control the passage of partially digested food and stomach juices from the pylorus to the duodenum.

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So, this is the key difference between cardiac and pyloric sphincter. Cardiac sphincter prevents the backflow of stomach acids and content into the esophagus, while pyloric sphincter controls the release of chyme from the stomach into the duodenum.

Moreover, cardiac sphincter is weak and ill-developed while pyloric sphincter is a thick muscular ring which is well supplied with muscles. Cardiac and pyloric sphincters are used in the normal course of digestion. They are stomach sphincters. Cardiac sphincter is found at the top of the stomach in the cardiac region. It connects the esophagus to the stomach.

It prevents gastric acids and stomach content going back to the esophagus. Pyloric sphincter is found at the bottom of the stomach, and it connects to the duodenum. It controls stomach emptying. Thus, this is the summary of the difference between cardiac and pyloric sphincter. Com, , Available here. Samanthi Udayangani holds a B. Degree in Plant Science, M.